WGO Graded Evidence: Acute Diarrhea in Adults

Level: Other Reading: 52 Abstracts

Legend: : Key Development,  : Very Important,  : Important, [no star]: Special Mention
	Prospective randomized trial of LC+LCBDE vs ERCP/S+LC for common bile duct stone disease. Rogers SJ, Cello JP, Horn JK, Siperstein AE, Schecter WP, Campbell AR, Mackersie RC, Rodas A, Kreuwel HT, Harris HW., Arch Surg. 2010 Jan;145(1):28-33.
	Infectious diarrhea in children: Working Group Report of the First World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Davidson G, Barnes G, Bass D, Cohen M, Fasano A, Fontaine O, Guandalini S, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002;35 Suppl 2:S143-50
	Celiac disease. Rubio-Tapia A, Murray JA., Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;26(2):116-22.
	Diagnostic testing for celiac disease among patients with abdominal symptoms: asystematic review. van der Windt DA, Jellema P, Mulder CJ, Kneepkens CM, van der Horst HE., JAMA. 2010 May 5;303(17):1738-46.
	Does my patient have Clostridium difficile infection? Peterson LR, Robicsek A, Ann Intern Med. 2009 Aug 4;151(3):176-9
	[Management of acute infantile diarrhoea: a study on community pharmacy counseling in the Midi-Pyrenees region] Lapeyre-Mestre M, Pin M, Arch Pediatr. 2004 Aug;11(8):898-902
	Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease. Santosham M, Chandran A, Fitzwater S, Fischer-Walker C, Baqui AH, Black R., Lancet. 2010 Jul 3;376(9734):63-7.
	Celiac disease: prevention and treatment. Selimoğlu MA, Karabiber H., J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010 Jan;44(1):4-8.
	Classification and management of refractory coeliac disease. Rubio-Tapia A, Murray JA., Gut. 2010 Apr;59(4):547-57.
	Early cholecystectomy safely decreases hospital stay in patients with mildgallstone pancreatitis: a randomized prospective study. Aboulian A, Chan T, Yaghoubian A, Kaji AH, Putnam B, Neville A, Stabile BE, deVirgilio C., Ann Surg. 2010 Apr;251(4):615-9.
	Meta-analysis: deamidated gliadin peptide antibody and tissue transglutaminaseantibody compared as screening tests for coeliac disease. Lewis NR, Scott BB., Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jan;31(1):73-81.
	Prospective evaluation of a selective approach to cholangiography for suspectedcommon bile duct stones. Horwood J, Akbar F, Davis K, Morgan R., Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2010 Apr;92(3):206-10. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
	Risk factors for acute cholecystitis and a complicated clinical course inpatients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. Cho JY, Han HS, Yoon YS, Ahn KS., Arch Surg. 2010 Apr;145(4):329-33; discussion 333.
	Gallstones play a significant role in Salmonella spp. gallbladder colonizationand carriage. Crawford RW, Rosales-Reyes R, Ramírez-Aguilar Mde L, Chapa-Azuela O,Alpuche-Aranda C, Gunn JS., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 2;107(9):4353-8. Epub 2010 Feb 22.
	Early laparoendoscopic rendezvous for acute biliary pancreatitis: preliminaryresults. Borzellino G, Lombardo F, Minicozzi AM, Donataccio M, Cordiano C., Surg Endosc. 2010 Feb;24(2):371-6. Epub 2009 Jun 18.
	Clinical trial on the efficacy of a new symbiotic formulation, Flortec, inpatients with acute diarrhea: a multicenter, randomized study in primary care. Grossi E, Buresta R, Abbiati R, Cerutti R; Pro-DIA study group., J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010 Sep;44 Suppl 1:S35-41.
	Update on prolonged and persistent diarrhea in children. Moore SR., Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print]
	Mechanisms of action of zinc in acute diarrhea. Berni Canani R, Buccigrossi V, Passariello A., Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print]
	Open, small-incision, or laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients withsymptomatic cholecystolithiasis. An overview of Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Groupreviews. Keus F, Gooszen HG, van Laarhoven CJ., Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jan 20;(1):CD008318.
	Hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus and other viral agents of diarrhea in children and adults in Russia, 2005-2007. Podkolzin AT, Fenske EB, Abramycheva NY, Shipulin GA, Sagalova OI, Mazepa VN, Ivanova GN, Semena AV, Tagirova ZG, Alekseeva MN, Molochny VP, Parashar UD, Vinjé J, Maleev VV, Glass RI, Pokrovsky VI, J Infect Dis. 2009 Nov 1;200 Suppl 1:S228-33
	Molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus and adenovirus serotypes 40/41 strains related to acute diarrhea in Tunisian children. Sdiri-Loulizi K, Gharbi-Khelifi H, de Rougemont A, Hassine M, Chouchane S, Sakly N, Pothier P, Guédiche MN, Aouni M, Ambert-Balay K, J Med Virol. 2009 Nov;81(11):1895-902
	Identification of a novel picornavirus related to cosaviruses in a child with acute diarrhea. Holtz LR, Finkbeiner SR, Kirkwood CD, Wang D, Virol J. 2008 Dec 22;5:159
	[Acute and prolonged infectious diarrheas, of microbial and viral etiology: methods of clinical and microbiological diagnosis] Crotti D, D'Annibale ML, Recenti Prog Med. 2007 Nov;98(11):553-9
	[Prevalence of adenovirus antigens in children presenting with acute diarrhoea] Fodha I, Chouikha A, Dewar J, Trabelsi A, Boujaafar N, Steele AD, Med Trop (Mars). 2007 Jun;67(3):256-8
	Determinants of self-report outcome measures in people with knee osteoarthritis. Maly MR, Costigan PA, Olney SJ, Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Jan;87(1):96-104
	Celiac disease with mild to moderate histologic changes is a common cause of chronic diarrhea in Indian children. Bhatnagar S, Gupta SD, Mathur M, Phillips AD, Kumar R, Knutton S, Unsworth DJ, Lock RJ, Natchu UC, Mukhopadhyaya S, Saini S, Bhan MK, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005 Aug;41(2):204-9
	Nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea associated with enterotoxin-producing strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Boyce JM, Havill NL, Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Aug;100(8):1828-34
	Rapid detection of diarrheagenic E. coli by real-time PCR. Bischoff C, Lüthy J, Altwegg M, Baggi F, J Microbiol Methods. 2005 Jun;61(3):335-41
	Biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction type I versus occult biliary microlithiasisin post-cholecystectomy patients: are they both part of the same clinical entity? Elmi F, Silverman WB., Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Mar;55(3):842-6. Epub 2009 Apr 1.
	Anatomical variations and congenital anomalies of extra hepatic biliary systemencountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Talpur KA, Laghari AA, Yousfani SA, Malik AM, Memon AI, Khan SA., J Pak Med Assoc. 2010 Feb;60(2):89-93.
	Open, small-incision, or laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients withsymptomatic cholecystolithiasis. An overview of Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Groupreviews. Keus F, Gooszen HG, van Laarhoven CJ., Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jan 20;(1):CD008318.
	Association of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes with infection and diarrhea among Mexican children and association of atypical Enteropathogenic E. coli with acute diarrhea. Estrada-Garcia T, Lopez-Saucedo C, Thompson-Bonilla R, Abonce M, Lopez-Hernandez D, Santos JI, Rosado JL, DuPont HL, Long KZ, J Clin Microbiol. 2009 Jan;47(1):93-8
	Diagnosis and prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea in Tehran children's hospitals. Jafari F, Garcia-Gil LJ, Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi S, Shokrzadeh L, Aslani MM, Pourhoseingholi MA, Derakhshan F, Zali MR, J Infect. 2009 Jan;58(1):21-7
	[Molecular epidemiological study on norovirus among children with acute diarrhea in Guangzhou] Feng XM, Zhong JY, Zhou R, Geng LL, Ou WJ, Gong ST, Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Dec;46(12):899-904
	[Rotaviruses in younger children in Novosibirsk in 2005-2007: detection and genotyping] Zhirakovskaia EV, Maleev VV, Klemesheva VV, Bodnev SA, Korsakova TG, Tikunov AIu, Iun TE, Nikiforova NA, Netesov SV, Tikunova NV, Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2008 Jul-Aug;(4):12-6
	Factors associated with acute diarrhoea in children in Dhahira, Oman: a hospital-based study. Patel PK, Mercy J, Shenoy J, Ashwini B, East Mediterr Health J. 2008 May-Jun;14(3):571-8
	Molecular studies of fecal anaerobic commensal bacteria in acute diarrhea in children. Balamurugan R, Janardhan HP, George S, Raghava MV, Muliyil J, Ramakrishna BS, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008 May;46(5):514-9
	Colonic biopsy practice for evaluation of diarrhea in patients with normal endoscopic findings: results from a national endoscopic database. Harewood GC, Olson JS, Mattek NC, Holub JL, Lieberman DA, Gastrointest Endosc. 2005 Mar;61(3):371-5
	Rice gruel and rice starch reduce sorbitol-induced diarrhoea in cecectomized rats. Islam MS, Nishiyama A, Sakaguchi E, Digestion. 2005;72(1):13-21
	A study of the importance of the enterotoxigenic E. coli in children with acute diarrhoea in Recife, Brazil. Sarinho SW, da Silva GA, Magalhães M, Carvalho MR, J Trop Pediatr. 1993 Oct;39(5):304-6
	Tube feeding-related diarrhea in acutely Ill patients. Guenter PA, Settle RG, Perlmutter S, Marino PL, DeSimone GA, Rolandelli RH, JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1991 May-Jun;15(3):277-80
Supplementary evidence:
	Prevalence of Rotavirus in Acute Diarrhea and its Association with Clinical Signs and Symptoms. Aparecido Nunes A, Marques de Mello L, Neiva Parrode R, Paulo Maneira Bittar J, Luiz da Silva Domingues A, J Trop Pediatr. 2009 Sep 30;
	[Acute intestinal pseudo-obstruction secondary to acute diarrhea in 10 children.] Liu YL, Liu LY, Cai HM, Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Dec;10(6):752-3
	A population-based estimate of the substantial burden of diarrhoeal disease in the United States; FoodNet, 1996-2003. Jones TF, McMillian MB, Scallan E, Frenzen PD, Cronquist AB, Thomas S, Angulo FJ, Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Feb;135(2):293-301
	Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-associated diarrhea in children 0-2 years of age in rural Bangladesh. Pathela P, Hasan KZ, Roy E, Alam K, Huq F, Siddique AK, Sack RB, J Infect Dis. 2005 Apr 15;191(8):1245-52
	Etiology of acute diarrhea in adults in southwestern Nigeria. Kebede A, Polderman AM, J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Aug;42(8):3909; author reply 3909-10
	[Treatment of acute diarrhea: prescription patterns by private practice pediatricians] Uhlen S, Toursel F, Gottrand F, Association française de pédiatrie ambulatoire, Arch Pediatr. 2004 Aug;11(8):903-7
	Cost-effectiveness of zinc as adjunct therapy for acute childhood diarrhoea in developing countries. Robberstad B, Strand T, Black RE, Sommerfelt H, Bull World Health Organ. 2004 Jul;82(7):523-31
	[Diet and drug treatment of acute infant diarrhea] le Touzé P, Servir. 2004 May-Jun;52(3):151-5
	[Diagnosis and treatment of acute diarrhea] Rockmann F, MMW Fortschr Med. 2004 May 6;146(19):49-51
	Setting priorities on the prevention of acute diarrhoea. Van Caillie-Bertrand M, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004 Mar;38(3):242-3
	An evidence and consensus based guideline for acute diarrhoea management. Armon K, Lakhanpaul M, Stephenson T, Arch Dis Child. 2002 Feb;86(2):138