WGO Graded Evidence: Management of Acute Viral Hepatitis

Level: Other Reading: 60 Abstracts

Legend:   : Special Mention  : Important  : Very Important  : Key Development
	Barriers to interferon-alpha therapy are higher in intravenous drug users than in other patients with acute hepatitis C. B Broers, B Helbling, A Fran&ccedilois, P Schmid, C Chuard, A Hadengue, F Negro, Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver (SASL 18), J Hepatol. 2005 Mar:323-8
	Early monotherapy with pegylated interferon alpha-2b for acute hepatitis C infection: the HEP-NET acute-HCV-II study. J Wiegand, P Buggisch, W Boecher, S Zeuzem, CM Gelbmann, T Berg, W Kauffmann, B Kallinowski, M Cornberg, E Jaeckel, H Wedemeyer, MP Manns, German HEP-NET Acute HCV Study Group, Hepatology. 2006 Feb:250-6
	Efficacy of a 24-week course of PEG-interferon alpha-2b monotherapy in patients with acute hepatitis C after failure of spontaneous clearance. T Santantonio, M Fasano, E Sinisi, A Guastadisegni, C Casalino, M Mazzola, R Francavilla, G Pastore, J Hepatol. 2005 Mar:329-33
	Influence of genotypes and precore mutations on fulminant or chronic outcome of acute hepatitis B virus infection. A Ozasa, Y Tanaka, E Orito, M Sugiyama, JH Kang, S Hige, T Kuramitsu, K Suzuki, E Tanaka, S Okada, H Tokita, Y Asahina, K Inoue, S Kakumu, T Okanoue, Y Murawaki, K Hino, M Onji, H Yatsuhashi, H Sakugawa, Y Miyakawa, R Ueda, M Mizokami, Hepatology. 2006 Aug:326-34
	Insulin resistance impairs sustained response rate to peginterferon plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients. M Romero-Gómez, M Del Mar Viloria, RJ Andrade, J Salmerón, M Diago, CM Fernández-Rodríguez, R Corpas, M Cruz, L Grande, L Vázquez, P Muñoz-De-Rueda, P López-Serrano, A Gila, ML Gutiérrez, C Pérez, A Ruiz-Extremera, E Suárez, J Castillo, Gastroenterology. 2005 Mar:636-41
	Treatment of acute hepatitis C infection in HIV-infected patients: a retrospective analysis of eleven cases. M Vogel, B Bieniek, H Jessen, CK Schewe, C Hoffmann, A Baumgarten, A Kroidl, JR Bogner, U Spengler, JK Rockstroh, J Viral Hepat. 2005 Mar:207-11
	Does co-infection with multiple viruses adversely influence the course and outcome of sporadic acute viral hepatitis in children? A Kumar, SK Yachha, U Poddar, U Singh, R Aggarwal, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Oct:1533-7
	Increasing trend of acute hepatitis A in north India: need for identification of high-risk population for vaccination. Z Hussain, BC Das, SA Husain, NS Murthy, P Kar, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Apr:689-93
	Outcome of acute hepatitis C is related to virus-specific CD4 function and maturation of antiviral memory CD8 responses. S Urbani, B Amadei, P Fisicaro, D Tola, A Orlandini, L Sacchelli, C Mori, G Missale, C Ferrari, Hepatology. 2006 Jul:126-39
Supplementary evidence:
	A case of acute hepatitis E with the travel history to an endemic area SS Kim, CD Yeo, JD Kim, HS Kim, JW Jang, CW Kim, SH Bae, JY Choi, SK Yoon, Korean J Gastroenterol. 2004 Dec:342-5
	Acute and chronic hepatitis: Working Group report of the second World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. MH Chang, D Hadzic, SH Rouassant, M Jonas, IJ Kohn, F Negro, E Roberts, A Sibal, Asian Pan-Pacific Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2004 Jun:S584-8
	Acute hepatitis after use of nimesulide: drug-induced or is there something more? Mononucleosis P Quadranti, Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 2004 Oct 20:1785-7
	Acute hepatitis C in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. J Ghosn, S Pierre-Fran&ccedilois, V Thibault, C Duvivier, R Tubiana, A Simon, MA Valantin, S Dominguez, E Caumes, C Katlama, HIV Med. 2004 Jul:303-6
	Acute hepatitis C virus infection A Martínez Echeverría, C Rodríguez Gutiérrez, I Elizalde, JM Zozaya, An Sist Sanit Navar. 2004:59-68
	Acute hepatitis C--an unresolved issue D Palmovi., A Vince, I Kurelac, J Crnjakovi.-Palmovi., Acta Med Croatica. 2004:335-9
	Acute hepatitis C: diagnosis and management. MU Mondelli, A Cerino, A Cividini, J Hepatol. 2005:S108-14
	Acute hepatitis during pregnancy: hepatitis E virus must be considered JM Péron, JM Mansuy, H Poirson, C Bureau, J Izopet, JP Vinel, Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2005 Jan:87
	Acute hepatitis with or without jaundice: a predominant presentation of acute Q fever in southern Taiwan. K Chang, JJ Yan, HC Lee, KH Liu, NY Lee, WC Ko, J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2004 Apr:103-8
	Advances in the treatment of acute hepatitis B S Mochida, K Fujiwara, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Aug:248-52
	Application of hepatitis serology testing algorithms to assess inappropriate laboratory utilization. OA Ozbek, MA Oktem, G Dogan, YH Abacioglu, J Eval Clin Pract. 2004 Nov:519-23
	Changing prevalence, clinical features, and outcome of acute hepatitis in Spain (1982-2003). JA del Olmo, E Ornia, MA Serra, ML Garcia-Torres, A Escudero, F Rodriguez, JM Rodrigo, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Jun:982-7
	Clinical view of acute hepatitis B N Tanaka, Y Arakawa, M Moriyama, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Aug:242-7
	Clinical view of acute hepatitis C K Kiyosawa, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Jul:347-52
	Confirmation of nosocomial hepatitis C virus infection in a hemodialysis unit. N Furusyo, N Kubo, H Nakashima, K Kashiwagi, Y Etoh, J Hayashi, Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2004 Jul:584-90
	Detection and analysis of HAV-HEV, HGV infection in patients with viral hepatitis LS Xiong, SF Cui, JG Zhou, Y Xing, Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2004 Jul:395-6
	Diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis C--procedure in difficult situations WH Schmiegel, Z Gastroenterol. 2004 Aug:720-3
	Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress acute hepatitis, alter gene expression and prolong survival of female Long-Evans Cinnamon rats, a model of Wilson disease. C Du, Y Fujii, M Ito, M Harada, E Moriyama, R Shimada, A Ikemoto, H Okuyama, J Nutr Biochem. 2004 May:273-80
	Distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes among patients with acute viral hepatitis. AC Lyra, JR Pinho, IM Mello, F de M Malta, MM Gomes, AM Di Bisceglie, LG Lyra, FJ Carrilho, LC da Silva, J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Jan:81-2
	Effect of artificial liver support system on patients with severe viral hepatitis: a study of four hundred cases. LJ Li, Q Yang, JR Huang, XW Xu, YM Chen, SZ Fu, World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Oct 15:2984-8
	Epidemiological and clinical features of hepatitis E in Japan. H Yatsuhashi, J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jul:702-3
	Epidemiological and clinical study of sporadic acute hepatitis E caused by indigenous strains of hepatitis E virus in Japan compared with acute hepatitis A. S Sainokami, K Abe, I Kumagai, A Miyasaka, R Endo, Y Takikawa, K Suzuki, H Mizuo, Y Sugai, Y Akahane, Y Koizumi, Y Yajima, H Okamoto, J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jul:640-8
	Factors associated with fulminant liver failure during an outbreak among injection drug users with acute hepatitis B. RS Garfein, WA Bower, CM Loney, YJ Hutin, GL Xia, J Jawanda, AV Groom, OV Nainan, JS Murphy, BP Bell, Hepatology. 2004 Oct:865-73
	Frequency and clinical course of hepatitis E in tertiary care hospitals. MI Saeedi, K Mahmood, Amanullah, M Ziauddin, N Ilyas, M Zarif, J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2004 Sep:527-9
	Hepatitis B (acute and chronic) UK Naumann, L Kæser, W Vetter, Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 2004 Jul 28:1227-33; quiz 1234, 1261
	Hepatitis C treatment update. BL Pearlman, Am J Med. 2004 Sep 1:344-52
	Humoral and cellular adaptation mechanisms in development of intoxication syndrome in patients with acute viral hepatitis SG Pak, EV Volchkova, KT Umbetova, Ter Arkh. 2004:61-5
	Inhibition of hepatitis C virus-like particle binding to target cells by antiviral antibodies in acute and chronic hepatitis C. D Steinmann, H Barth, B Gissler, P Schurmann, MI Adah, JT Gerlach, GR Pape, E Depla, D Jacobs, G Maertens, AH Patel, G Inchauspé, TJ Liang, HE Blum, TF Baumert, J Virol. 2004 Sep:9030-40
	Is it possible to diagnose acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by a rising anti-HCV titre rather than by seroconversion? SN Lu, HD Tung, TM Chen, CM Lee, JH Wang, CH Hung, CH Chen, CS Changchien, J Viral Hepat. 2004 Nov:563-70
	Mode of HCV infection examined by polymorphism of hypervariable region-1 in cases of acute hepatitis C after accidental exposure to blood-borne pathogens. T Takeda, N Tatsumi, Y Nakayama, T Yasuda, S Nishiguchi, S Seki, J Med Virol. 2005 Jan:35-41
	Molecular epidemiologic analysis of hepatitis C virus infection in injecting drug users with acute hepatitis C in Japan. Y Satoh, K Hino, T Kato, M Mizokami, S Yamashita, H Nakamura, K Okita, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Nov:1305-11
	Pediatric knowledge about acute viral hepatitis. R Franca, L Silva, MC Melo, S Cavalcante, B Lima, A Rocha, C Gomes, M Franca, Braz J Infect Dis. 2004 Jun:227-35
	Peginterferon alfa-2b treatment for patients affected by acute hepatitis C: presentation of six case reports. G Scotto, E Palumbo, V Fazio, DC Cibelli, A Saracino, G Angarano, Infection. 2005 Feb:30-2
	Phenprocoumon-induced liver disease ranges from mild acute hepatitis to (sub-) acute liver failure. CC Schimanski, J Burg, M M&oeig;hler, T H&oeig;hler, S Kanzler, G Otto, PR Galle, AW Lohse, J Hepatol. 2004 Jul:67-74
	Positive test results for acute hepatitis A virus infection among persons with no recent history of acute hepatitis--United States, 2002-2004. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 May 13:453-6
	Prediction of fulminant hepatitis in severe acute hepatitis B K Michitaka, M Onji, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Aug:269-73
	Prevention of viral hepatitis in Italy. D FitzSimons, G Fran&ccedilois, P Bonanni, A Mele, A Zanetti, T Stroffolini, P Crovari, P Van Damme, Vaccine. 2004 Sep 28:4092-6
	Probable sildenafil (Viagra) induced acute hepatitis in a patient with no other risk factors A Balian, F Touati, B Huguenin, S Prevot, G Perlemuter, S Naveau, JC Chaput, Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2005 Jan:89
	Promoting hepatic growth factor in the treatment of heavy type hepatitis and severe chronic hepatitis: a multicenter clinical study. JH Xu, YY Yu, CW Si, Z Zeng, QH Wang, DD Luo, YX Zhou, MD Zeng, GY Qiao, JL Yao, WL Lu, Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2004 Aug:381-5
	Recurrent acute hepatitis associated with use of cetirizine. M Pompili, M Basso, A Grieco, FM Vecchio, G Gasbarrini, GL Rapaccini, Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Nov:1844-7
	Role of beauty treatment in the spread of parenterally transmitted hepatitis viruses in Italy. A Mariano, A Mele, ME Tosti, A Parlato, G Gallo, P Ragni, C Zotti, P Lopalco, MG Pompa, G Graziani, T Stroffolini, J Med Virol. 2004 Oct:216-20
	Standard treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis C S Zeuzem, Z Gastroenterol. 2004 Aug:714-9
	The role of Epstein-Barr virus in acute and chronic hepatitis. U Drebber, HU Kasper, J Krupacz, K Haferkamp, MA Kern, HM Steffen, M Quasdorff, A Zur Hausen, M Odenthal, HP Dienes, J Hepatol. 2006 May:879-85
	Therapy of acute hepatitis C with interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin in a health care worker. GT Ertem, N Tulek, B Oral, S Kinikli, Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2005 Jan-Mar:104-6
	Treatment choices for people infected with HCV. S Fargion, AL Fracanzani, L Valenti, J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 May:708-12
	Treatment of acute hepatitis C O Yokosuka, R Mikata, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Jul:357-60
	Treatment of acute hepatitis C. T Santantonio, Curr Pharm Des. 2004:2077-80
	Treatment of fulminant hepatitis C or subacute hepatitis C K Inoue, M Yoshiba, Nippon Rinsho. 2004 Jul:371-5
	Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: patterns of clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of the 'acute' type. R Ferrari, G Pappas, D Agostinelli, P Muratori, L Muratori, M Lenzi, G Verucchi, F Cassani, F Chiodo, FB Bianchi, QJM. 2004 Jul:407-12
	Viral hepatitis in the Arctic. BJ McMahon, Int J Circumpolar Health. 2004:41-8
	Whom? When? How? Another piece of evidence for early treatment of acute hepatitis C. H Wedemeyer, E Jæckel, J Wiegand, M Cornberg, MP Manns, Hepatology. 2004 May:1201-3