WGO Graded Evidence: Management of Ascites Complicating Cirrhosis in Adults

Level: Other Reading: 54 Abstracts

Legend:   : Special Mention  : Important  : Very Important  : Key Development
	Serum and ascitic fluid bacterial DNA: a new independent prognostic factor in noninfected patients with cirrhosis. Zapater P, Francés R, González-Navajas JM, de la Hoz MA, Moreu R, Pascual S, Monfort D, Montoliu S, Vila C, Escudero A, Torras X, Cirera I, Llanos L, Guarner-Argente C, Palazón JM, Carnicer F, Bellot P, Guarner C, Planas R, Solá R, Serra MA, Muñoz C, Pérez-Mateo M, Such J, Hepatology. 2008 Dec;48(6):1924-3
	Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in the elderly: a systematic retrospective analysis of a large group of consecutive patients with definite AIH followed at a tertiary referral centre. T Al-Chalabi, S Boccato, BC Portmann, IG McFarlane, MA Heneghan, J Hepatol. 2006 Oct:575-83
	Bacterial DNA in patients with cirrhosis and noninfected ascites mimics the soluble immune response established in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Francés R, Zapater P, González-Navajas JM, Muñoz C, Caño R, Moreu R, Pascual S, Bellot P, Pérez-Mateo M, Such J, Hepatology. 2008 Mar;47(3):978-85
	Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. F Salerno, C Cammà, M Enea, M R&oeig;ssle, F Wong, Gastroenterology. 2007 Sep:825-34
	Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS) modification in the management of post-TIPSS refractory hepatic encephalopathy. N Kochar, D Tripathi, H Ireland, DN Redhead, PC Hayes, Gut. 2006 Nov:1617-23
	A meta-analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus paracentesis for refractory ascites. A Albillos, R Bañares, M González, MV Catalina, LM Molinero, J Hepatol. 2005 Dec:990-6
	Endoscopic transpapillary nasopancreatic drainage alone to treat pancreatic ascites and pleural effusion. DK Bhasin, SS Rana, I Siyad, U Poddar, BR Thapa, SK Sinha, B Nagi, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Jun:1059-64
	Quality of life in refractory ascites: transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic shunting versus medical therapy. MS Campbell, CM Brensinger, AJ Sanyal, C Gennings, F Wong, KV Kowdley, T McCashland, KR Reddy, Hepatology. 2005 Sep:635-40
	Systematic review: The model for end-stage liver disease--should it replace Child-Pugh's classification for assessing prognosis in cirrhosis? E Cholongitas, GV Papatheodoridis, M Vangeli, N Terreni, D Patch, AK Burroughs, Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Dec:1079-89
	Uncovered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites. P Deltenre, D Lebrec, P Mathurin, Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr:1372-3; author reply 1373
	Absorption and transport of dietary long-chain fatty acids in cirrhosis: a stable-isotope-tracing study. E Cabré, JM Hernández-Pérez, L Fluvià, C Pastor, A Corominas, MA Gassull, Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Mar:692-701
	Ascites as the first manifestation of polyarteritis nodosa. F Hervé, F Héron, H Levesque, I Marie, Scand J Gastroenterol. 2006 Apr:493-5
	Fibrin glue application in the management of refractory chylous ascites in children. Zeidan S, Delarue A, Rome A, Roquelaure B, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008 Apr;46(4):478-81
	Intestinal permeability in cirrhotic patients with and without ascites. E Kalaitzakis, JE Johansson, I Bjarnason, E Bj&oeig;rnsson, Scand J Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar:326-30
	Low gradient ascites: a seven-year course review. F Mansour-Ghanaei, A Shafaghi, AH Bagherzadeh, MS Fallah, World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Apr 21:2337-9
	The effect of single oral low-dose losartan on posture-related sodium handling in post-TIPS ascites-free cirrhosis. G Therapondos, L Hol, F Benjaminov, F Wong, Hepatology. 2006 Sep:640-9
	The utility of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in the diagnostic evaluation of malignant and nonmalignant ascites. A Sevinc, R Sari, E Fadillioglu, J Natl Med Assoc. 2005 Jan:79-84
	Total ascitic fluid leukocyte count for reliable exclusion of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with ascites. BC Link, CG Ziske, M Schepke, IG Schmidt-Wolf, T Sauerbruch, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Feb:181-6
	Uncovered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites: a meta-analysis. G D'Amico, A Luca, A Morabito, R Miraglia, M D'Amico, Gastroenterology. 2005 Oct:1282-93
Supplementary evidence:
	Advances in therapy for ascites and hepatorenal syndrome AL Gerbes, V Gulberg, Z Gastroenterol. 2005 Jan:31-4
	Advantages of assaying telomerase activity in ascites for diagnosis of digestive tract malignancies. CP Li, TS Huang, Y Chao, FY Chang, J Whang-Peng, SD Lee, World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Sep 1:2468-71
	Ascites after transplantation--a mystery. Z Ben-Ari, Liver Transpl. 2004 Sep:1221
	Ascites and intraabdominal infection. L Kramer, W Druml, Curr Opin Crit Care. 2004 Apr:146-51
	Ascites reinfusion dialysis (ARD) for renal failure with refractory ascites. RL McGill, JR Bakos, RJ Marcus, Clin Nephrol. 2004 Nov:374-9
	Benefit of TIPS for patients with refractory or recidivant ascites: serum bilirubin may make the difference. AL Gerbes, V Gulberg, Hepatology. 2005 Jan:217
	Cancer antigen 125 as a marker of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis M JabBkowski, J BiaBkowska, R Koktysz, J Bartkowiak, W Stankiewicz, D Dworniak, Pol Merkuriusz Lek. 2004:149-52
	Chylous ascites: treated with total parenteral nutrition and somatostatin. Q Huang, ZW Jiang, J Jiang, N Li, JS Li, World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Sep 1:2588-91
	Cirrhotic ascites: a review of management. T Sivayokan, JF Dillon, Hosp Med. 2004 Jan:22-6
	Clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. R Moreau, P Delègue, F Pessione, S Hillaire, F Durand, D Lebrec, DC Valla, Liver Int. 2004 Oct:457-64
	Closed extra corporal concentration and reinfusion of ascites in cirrhosis of liver patients with refractory ascites LM Liu, YC Chi, D Zhu, XM Yang, LH Sun, Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2004 May:314
	Comparison of percutaneous management techniques for recurrent malignant ascites. S Rosenberg, A Courtney, AA Nemcek Jr, RA Omary, J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2004 Oct:1129-31
	Differences in long-term survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for refractory ascites and variceal bleed. F Membreno, AL Baez, R Pandula, E Walser, DT Lau, J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Mar:474-81
	Dose ascites mean more severe Crohn's disease? JU Lee, YH Kim, SY Lee, KH Kim, CH Chung, KH Kim, HJ Son, PL Rhee, JJ Kim, JC Rhee, Korean J Gastroenterol. 2004 May:304-9
	Effect of celecoxib on renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites. A pilot study. M Guevara, R Abecasis, R Terg, Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004 Apr:385-6
	Herpes virus infection in peritoneal fluid: a case report and review of literature. A Angel, P Jeffries, P Valente, E Hospodar, L Fowler, Diagn Cytopathol. 2005 Jan:44-6
	How to treat a first episode of ascites? A Pariente, Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2004 Apr:B256-65
	How to treat and to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis? JD Grangé, Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2004 Apr:B278-86
	Infected and noninfected ascites in pediatric patients. SM Vieira, U Matte, CO Kieling, AL Barth, CT Ferreira, AF Souza, A Taniguchi, TR da Silveira, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005 Mar:289-94
	Influence of circulatory dysfunction on the treatment of ascites and hepatorenal syndrome: vasoconstrictor and diuretic drug treatment A Torre, C Terra, M Guevara, P Ginès, Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Feb:8-14
	Malignant ascites increases the antioxidant ability of human ovarian (SKOV-3) and gastric adenocarcinoma (KATO-III) cells. W Yang, SE Toffa, JW Lohn, AM Seifalian, MC Winslet, Gynecol Oncol. 2005 Feb:430-8
	Malignant ascites presenting as abdominal compartment syndrome. Y Etzion, L Barski, Y Almog, Am J Emerg Med. 2004 Sep:430-1
	Malignant ascites: past, present, and future. RA Adam, YG Adam, J Am Coll Surg. 2004 Jun:999-1011
	Management of ascites in patients with end-stage liver disease. S Saadeh, GL Davis, Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2004 Fall:175-85
	Mechanisms of early decrease in systemic vascular resistance after total paracentesis: influence of flow rate of ascites extraction. S Coll, MC Vila, L Molina, MD Gimenez, C Guarner, R Solà, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Mar:347-53
	Nitric oxide and renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites: from physiopathology to practice. JD Grangé, X Amiot, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Jun:567-70
	Performance standards for therapeutic abdominal paracentesis. CM Grabau, SF Crago, LK Hoff, JA Simon, CA Melton, BJ Ott, PS Kamath, Hepatology. 2004 Aug:484-8
	Persistent ascites and low serum sodium identify patients with cirrhosis and low MELD scores who are at high risk for early death. DM Heuman, SG Abou-Assi, A Habib, LM Williams, RT Stravitz, AJ Sanyal, RA Fisher, AA Mihas, Hepatology. 2004 Oct:802-10
	Prognostic index of liver cirrhosis with ascites with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. K Yoneyama, H Taniguchi, Y Kiuchi, M Shibata, K Mitamura, Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004 Dec:1272-9
	Role of different techniques for the placement of Denver peritoneovenous shunt (PVS) in malignant ascites. R Clara, D Righi, M Bortolini, S Cornaglia, MA Ruffino, C Zanon, Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2004 Aug:222-5
	Severe haemorrhage following abdominal paracentesis for ascites in patients with liver disease. I Pache, M Bilodeau, Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Mar 1:525-9
	Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent data on incidence and treatment. MA Parsi, A Atreja, NN Zein, Cleve Clin J Med. 2004 Jul:569-76
	Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and refractory ascites M Guevara, C Alessandria, J Uriz, Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Apr:285-91
	Treatment of ascites and the hepatorenal syndrome M Guevara, Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 2004:27-35
	Understanding the mechanisms of paracentesis-induced crculatory dysfunction. J Sola-Vera, J Such, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Mar:295-8